How is the step (red-boxed) formed?
Attachment 20006
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How is the step (red-boxed) formed?
Attachment 20006
Using the trig identity
Then:
Since there is aon both the denominator and numerator, they cancel out.
Then by using power reducing formulas:
is the standard power reducing formula which is worth memorizing for a calculus class since it is used so often.
You can derive it by writingin terms of
and solving for
.