Roll an-sided fair dice
times. What is the probability that all numbers from
to
appear at least once and none from
to
appear during the
trials? (
)
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Roll an-sided fair dice
times. What is the probability that all numbers from
to
appear at least once and none from
to
appear during the
trials? (
)
Here's my thought. Check if it is correct. I also want to know if there's a simpler method.
Given anynumbers from
to
, let
be the number of scenarios under which all and only those
numbers appear in our
trials. Then we have
1, and
.
By this definition, there are exactlyscenarios under which exactly
different numbers from
to
appear.
Hence the required probability.