# eulers formula

• Jul 20th 2012, 06:59 PM
kalemale
eulers formula
z^3=-i that gives z= -i Give all roots in the form r*e^eiv
• Jul 20th 2012, 11:28 PM
Prove It
Re: eulers formula
Quote:

Originally Posted by kalemale
z^3=-i that gives z= -i Give all roots in the form r*e^eiv

First of all, \displaystyle \begin{align*} (-i)^3 \neq -i \end{align*}, but \displaystyle \begin{align*} i^3 \end{align*} does...

Anyway, if \displaystyle \begin{align*} z = r\,e^{i\theta} \end{align*}, then we have

\displaystyle \begin{align*} z^3 &= -i \\ \left(r\,e^{i\theta}\right)^3 &= e^{-\frac{\pi}{2}i} \\ r^3e^{3i\theta} &= 1e^{-\frac{\pi}{2}i} \\ r^3 = 1\textrm{ and } 3i\theta = -\frac{\pi}{2}i \\ r = 1 \textrm{ and } \theta = -\frac{\pi}{6} \end{align*}

All the roots are evenly spaced about a circle, so have the same radius and are separated by an angle of \displaystyle \begin{align*} \frac{2\pi}{3} \end{align*}, so the other angles are \displaystyle \begin{align*} -\frac{\pi}{6} - \frac{2\pi}{3} = -\frac{5\pi}{6} \end{align*} and \displaystyle \begin{align*} -\frac{\pi}{6} + \frac{2\pi}{3} = \end{align*}

So the three roots are

\displaystyle \begin{align*} 1e^{-\frac{5\pi}{6}i}, 1e^{-\frac{\pi}{6}i}, 1e^{\frac{\pi}{2}i} \end{align*}