# Math Help - Floor function2

1. ## Floor function2

$\forall x,y \in \mathbb{R}$

Show that:

$
\lfloor x\times y \rfloor \geq \lfloor x \rfloor \times \lfloor y \rfloor$

2. $x = -3, \ y = -4.5$

$\lfloor xy \rfloor = \lfloor (-3)(-4.5) \rfloor = \lfloor 13.5 \rfloor = 13$
$\lfloor x\rfloor \lfloor y\rfloor = \lfloor -3 \rfloor \lfloor -4.5 \rfloor = -3 \times -5 = 15$

3. Originally Posted by Sea
$\forall x,y \in \mathbb{R}$

Show that:

$
\lfloor x\times y \rfloor \geq \lfloor x \rfloor \times \lfloor y \rfloor$
As o_O pointed out this is not always true. So let us resrict our numbers. The case when either is zero is trivial, so fix $x,y\in\mathbb{R}^+$

So as in past problems let $x=x_1+\varphi\quad x_1\in\mathbb{N}\wedge\varphi\in[0,1)$ and $y=y_1+\varphi'\quad y_1\in\mathbb{N}\wedge\varphi'\in[0,1)$

So it is clear from the definition of the floor function that

\begin{aligned}\lfloor x\rfloor\cdot\lfloor y\rfloor&=\lfloor x_1+\varphi\rfloor\cdot\lfloor y_1+\varphi'\rfloor\\
&=x_1\cdot y_1\end{aligned}

So we must just examine $\lfloor x\cdot y\rfloor$. Using the same tecnhique we get

\begin{aligned}\lfloor x\cdot y\rfloor&=\lfloor (x_1+\varphi)\cdot(y_1+\varphi')\rfloor\\
&=\lfloor x_1\cdot y_1+x_1\cdot\varphi'+y_1\cdot\varphi+\varphi\cdot\ varphi'\rfloor\end{aligned}

Now since it is possible that $x_1\cdot \varphi',y_1\cdot\varphi>1$ it follows that

$\lfloor x_1\cdot y_1+x_1\cdot\varphi'+y_1\cdot\varphi+\varphi\cdot\ varphi'\rfloor\geqslant\lfloor x_1\cdot y_1\rfloor$. And since the naturals are closed under multiplication it follows that $\lfloor x_1\cdot y_1\rfloor=x_1\cdot y_1=\lfloor x\rfloor\cdot\lfloor y\rfloor\leqslant \lfloor x_1\cdot y_1+x_1\cdot\varphi'+y_1\cdot\varphi+\varphi\cdot\ varphi'\rfloor=\lfloor x\cdot y\rfloor$. Get ridding of the useless terms yields the desired result.

4. $
x,y \in \mathbb{R}^ + \Rightarrow \left\lfloor {x \cdot y} \right\rfloor \geqslant \left\lfloor x \right\rfloor \cdot \left\lfloor y \right\rfloor
$

________________________________________

Consider that $
a \geqslant b \Rightarrow \left\lfloor a \right\rfloor \geqslant \left\lfloor b \right\rfloor
$
( the floor function is non-decreasing)

Since we are working with non-negative numbers: $
\left. \begin{gathered}
x \geqslant \left\lfloor x \right\rfloor \hfill \\
y \geqslant \left\lfloor y \right\rfloor \hfill \\
\end{gathered} \right] \Rightarrow x \cdot y \geqslant \left\lfloor x \right\rfloor \cdot \left\lfloor y \right\rfloor
$
$
\Rightarrow \left\lfloor {x \cdot y} \right\rfloor \geqslant \left\lfloor {\left\lfloor x \right\rfloor \cdot \left\lfloor y \right\rfloor } \right\rfloor = \left\lfloor x \right\rfloor \cdot \left\lfloor y \right\rfloor \square
$