Basic Matlab help. Can't seem to grasp basic concept

I need help understanding these two questions. I have managed to do all of my assignments in Matlab without using/understanding these type of problems but they are on my midterm review. I have the answers but can't seem to grasp how to arrive at them. I understand how to use while and for loops in the codes that I have written, but can't figure out the answers to these questions. Help with either one would be greatly appreciated!
Question #1
The output of the following code is? Answer is sum=18

n=0;
sum=0;
while n<10
sum=sum+n;
n= n+3;
end
fprintf('sum= %d \n', sum)


Question #2
What is the final value for y in the code below? Answer is -49
Also, how many times will the 'for' loop run? Answer is 7

Here is the code:
y=0;
for x= 1:2:13
y=y-x;
end



Any help will be greatly appreciated. My textbook is pretty useless and I cannot figure these out.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by roryman987

I need help understanding these two questions. I have managed to do all of my assignments in Matlab without using/understanding these type of problems but they are on my midterm review. I have the answers but can't seem to grasp how to arrive at them. I understand how to use while and for loops in the codes that I have written, but can't figure out the answers to these questions. Help with either one would be greatly appreciated!
Question #1
The output of the following code is? Answer is sum=18

n=0;
sum=0;
while n<10
sum=sum+n;
n= n+3;
end
fprintf('sum= %d \n', sum)

---

Look at the following trace table for the while loop:

Code:

---

n_ on_entry      sum    n_on_exit
      0            0          3
      3            3          6
      6            9          9
      9          12        12
    12 - end loop

---

So the n=n+3 means that n is always (0+3) within the range given for n? Shouldn't this command come before the sum command for the sum to be properly calculated? Either way, I still don't see how the sum would ever equal 18??? It seems that the sum portion of the equation would always be 0 so the highest value would be the highest value of n, which can't be 18.

Wow I'm stupid. I have #1 figured out for the most part. I wasn't following the loop the way I should have been, but now it makes perfect sense. Thanks for the chart captain! That got my mind heading in the right direction.

I do have one concern. How can you assume that the first value of n is 3 when calculating the first sum if the n=n+3 is AFTER the sum equation.



Any advice on tackling #2? Does the 1:2:13 mean to go from 1-13 in intervals of 2? If so, I understand it perfectly.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by roryman987

Wow I'm stupid. I have #1 figured out for the most part. I wasn't following the loop the way I should have been, but now it makes perfect sense. Thanks for the chart captain! That got my mind heading in the right direction.

I do have one concern. How can you assume that the first value of n is 3 when calculating the first sum if the n=n+3 is AFTER the sum equation.

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Look at the trace table, The first value of n used in the sum is 0 not 3, it is reassigned the value 3 after being used in sum.

CB

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by roryman987

Wow I'm stupid. I have #1 figured out for the most part. I wasn't following the loop the way I should have been, but now it makes perfect sense. Thanks for the chart captain! That got my mind heading in the right direction.

I do have one concern. How can you assume that the first value of n is 3 when calculating the first sum if the n=n+3 is AFTER the sum equation.



Any advice on tackling #2? Does the 1:2:13 mean to go from 1-13 in intervals of 2? If so, I understand it perfectly.

---

The for loop assigns x the value 1 on the first pass, then 1+2=3 on the second pass, 3+2=5 on the third pass, then 7, 9, 11, 13.

That is the control variable for the loop "x", loops over the elements of the vector [1:2:13]=[1,3,5,7,9,11,13]

CB