Thread: [SOLVED] Proof for equal sum subsets (pigeonhole principle)

Let S be a set of ten distinct positive integers, all less than 107. Prove that S has two distinct subsets that both have the same sum.

So I've been racking my mind over this and I cannot figure out how to write a proper proof for it. I was thinking the pigeon hole principle might help out somehow, but I'm not entirely sure how. I'd be rather grateful to anyone who can help point me in the right direction.

Originally Posted by sritter27

Let S be a set of ten distinct positive integers, all less than 107. Prove that S has two distinct subsets that both have the same sum.

So I've been racking my mind over this and I cannot figure out how to write a proper proof for it. I was thinking the pigeon hole principle might help out somehow, but I'm not entirely sure how. I'd be rather grateful to anyone who can help point me in the right direction.

Are you sure that it's true, does it work for any set S ? In fact if S could be partition into two sets of the same sum, then sum of S has to be even !! but take S = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} and sum S is 55, so this S could not be partitioned in such a way ...

Hello everyone

Originally Posted by tah

Are you sure that it's true, does it work for any set S ? In fact if S could be partition into two sets of the same sum, then sum of S has to be even !! but take S = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} and sum S is 55, so this S could not be partitioned in such a way ...

The question doesn't say it's a partition - merely that the subsets are distinct. I don't know that we can assume that this even means that they are disjoint, simply that they are not equal.

Having said that, I don't know how to tackle this question! But if I have any thoughts, I'll post them!

Grandad

Originally Posted by Grandad

Hello everyoneThe question doesn't say it's a partition - merely that the subsets are distinct. I don't know that we can assume that this even means that they are disjoint, simply that they are not equal.

Having said that, I don't know how to tackle this question! But if I have any thoughts, I'll post them!

Grandad

Ahh right i see.

Hello sritter27

Originally Posted by sritter27

Let S be a set of ten distinct positive integers, all less than 107. Prove that S has two distinct subsets that both have the same sum.

So I've been racking my mind over this and I cannot figure out how to write a proper proof for it. I was thinking the pigeon hole principle might help out somehow, but I'm not entirely sure how. I'd be rather grateful to anyone who can help point me in the right direction.

A set with 10 elements has = 1024 distinct subsets.

Maximum sum = 106 + 105 + ... + 97 = ...

Minimum sum = 1 + 2 + ... + 10 = ...

No of different sums = ...

Can you supply the rest?

Grandad

PS. Sorry, that's not quite right. The minimum sum is zero - if the subset is the empty set.

Originally Posted by Grandad

A set with 10 elements has = 1024 distinct subsets.

Maximum sum = 106 + 105 + ... + 97 = ...

Minimum sum = 1 + 2 + ... + 10 = ...

No of different sums = ...

Can you supply the rest?

Grandad

PS. Sorry, that's not quite right. The minimum sum is zero - if the subset is the empty set.

Ah, I think it makes sense now.

So if there are 1024 possible subsets of S and the maximum sum of S is 1015 then there are fewer possible sums than possible subsets. So, by the pigeonhole principle there must be two subsets of S that have the same sum? If that is true then if two subsets have the same sum but are not distinct (non-disjoint), they can be made distinct by removing the common elements between them and thus they would still have the same sum.

Is this right?

Hello sritter

Originally Posted by sritter27

Ah, I think it makes sense now.

So if there are 1024 possible subsets of S and the maximum sum of S is 1015 then there are fewer possible sums than possible subsets. So, by the pigeonhole principle there must be two subsets of S that have the same sum? If that is true then if two subsets have the same sum but are not distinct (non-disjoint), they can be made distinct by removing the common elements between them and thus they would still have the same sum.

Is this right?

Yes, you can certainly make the subsets disjoint in this way without affecting the equality of their sums, although the question doesn't actually say 'disjoint', merely distinct (which usually, of course, means 'not equal').

Grandad

Originally Posted by Grandad

Yes, you can certainly make the subsets disjoint in this way without affecting the equality of their sums, although the question doesn't actually say 'disjoint', merely distinct (which usually, of course, means 'not equal').

Okay, that makes sense. The problem was rewritten (not by me) from a book where it uses the term 'distinct' while the book uses the term 'disjoint', so I was using the terms interchangeably even those I realize I shouldn't.

In any case, thank you for all the help.