Yes you can. Also, I was wrong; there IS a strategy to kill him given four columns! I was overthinking things.
Shoot at 2 twice, and he cannot be on 1 or 2; he must be on 3 or 4. So he then moves to 2, 3, or 4. Shoot at 3, and he must have been on 2 or 4. You have now established parity. He then can move only to 1 or 3 on every other turn. Shoot at 3 a second time. Now he must be at 2. Shoot at 2 and you've killed him.
2, 2, 3, 3, 2 is a winning strategy for the shooter, guaranteed.
(1) 2 (2) 2 = dead
(2) 2 = dead
(3) 2 (2) 2 = dead
(3) 2 (4) 2 (3) 3 = dead
(4) 2 (3) 2 (2) 3 (3) 3 = dead
(4) 2 (3) 2 (2) 3 (1) 3 (2) 2 = dead
(4) 2 (3) 2 (4) 3 (3) 3 = dead
There's all the possibilities. It takes five shots maximum.