# Math Help - PDE's - Implicit Differentiation Query

1. ## PDE's - Implicit Differentiation Query

hi,
I am looking at a question in 'advanced engineering mathematics'.

if $z=x^2-y^2$ and $x=r cos \theta$, $y=r sin \theta$

1) Do we say that $z=u(x,y)$ or $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$ or $z=u(r,\theta)$?

2)I know we can get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}=\frac{\partial z}{\partial x} \frac{\partial x}{\partial r}+\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial r}$and so on for $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$.
Now lets say we have $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$

How do I get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}$ and $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$ in terms of $\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$ and $\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}$?
Do I differentiate both sides of the equation?

Thanks

2. Originally Posted by bugatti79
hi,
I am looking at a question in 'advanced engineering mathematics'.

if $z=x^2-y^2$ and $x=r cos \theta$, $y=r sin \theta$

1) Do we say that $z=u(x,y)$ or $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$ or $z=u(r,\theta)$?

2)I know we can get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}=\frac{\partial z}{\partial x} \frac{\partial x}{\partial r}+\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial r}$and so on for $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$.
Now lets say we have $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$

How do I get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}$ and $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$ in terms of $\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$ and $\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}$?
Do I differentiate both sides of the equation?

Thanks
Does the question say use a change of variables or in a section about a change of variables?

3. Originally Posted by dwsmith
Does the question say use a change of variables or in a section about a change of variables?
The question in in the section on 'change of variables' and specifically relates to query 1 in my post.

Query 2 is my own question. Im interested in getting del z del r and del z del theta in terms of del u del x and del u del y.

Thanks

4. Originally Posted by bugatti79
The question in in the section on 'change of variables' and specifically relates to query 1 in my post.

Query 2 is my own question. Im interested in getting del z del r and del z del theta in terms of del u del x and del u del y.

Thanks
I know how to do a change of variables like this

$u(x,y)=u(\xi\cos{\alpha}-\eta\sin{\alpha},\xi\sin{\alpha}+\eta\cos{\alpha}) =\omega(\xi,\eta)$

5. Originally Posted by dwsmith
I know how to do a change of variables like this

$u(x,y)=u(\xi\cos{\alpha}-\eta\sin{\alpha},\xi\sin{\alpha}+\eta\cos{\alpha}) =\omega(\xi,\eta)$
No, i beileve that is not the change of variable the book is referring to. Anyway, diferentiate the LHS and RHS of the first equation on post #1 I calculate
$\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}=\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}\frac{\partial x}{\partial r}+\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial r}$ and

$\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}=\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}\frac{\partial x}{\partial \theta}+\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial \theta}$

I wonder is this correct?

6. Yes, that's correct.

7. [QUOTE=bugatti79;605264]hi,
I am looking at a question in 'advanced engineering mathematics'.

if $z=x^2-y^2$ and $x=r cos \theta$, $y=r sin \theta$

1) Do we say that $z=u(x,y)$ or $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$ or $z=u(r,\theta)$?
Any one of those three is correct- with the understanding that x and are functions of u and v (and vice-versa) they all mean the same thing.

2)I know we can get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}=\frac{\partial z}{\partial x} \frac{\partial x}{\partial r}+\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial r}$and so on for $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$.
Now lets say we have $z=u(x(r,\theta),y(r,\theta))$

How do I get $\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}$ and $\frac{\partial z}{\partial \theta}$ in terms of $\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$ and $\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}$?
Do I differentiate both sides of the equation?
If you know x and y as functions, of r and $\theta$, do the differentiations and put them into that equation. For example, if $x= r cos(\theta)$ and $y= r sin(\theta)$, then
$\frac{\partial z}{\partial r}= \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}\frac{\partial x}{\partial r}+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\frac{\partial y}{\partial r}$
$= cos(\theta)\frac{\partial z}{\partial x}+ sin(\theta)\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}$.

Thanks