# Math Help - Definite integration by reduction methods.

1. ## Definite integration by reduction methods.

There's my problem. I managed to solve the first part but i'm utterly stumped on the last bit. I think it has something to do with making another expression for In-1 and substituting it in. I haven't been able to it though.....

2. After posting this thread I found another question that I couldn't do. I've done as much of it as I can and I think i'm missing a trick of some sort. Solving this one and the question before would be great!

3. 2. Note that: $
I_n + I_{n + 1} = \int_0^1 {\tfrac{{\sinh ^{2n} \left( x \right)}}
{{\cosh \left( x \right)}} \cdot \left[ {1 + \sinh ^2 \left( x \right)} \right]dx}
$

Recall the identity: $
1 + \sinh ^2 \left( x \right) = \cosh ^2 \left( x \right)
$

So that: $
I_n + I_{n + 1} = \int_0^1 {\sinh ^{2n} \left( x \right)\cosh \left( x \right)dx}
$
now let $
u = \sinh \left( x \right)
$
and we are done

1. $
I_n = \left( {\tfrac{{3n}}
{{3n + 2}}} \right) \cdot I_{n - 1} = \left( {\tfrac{{3n}}
{{3n + 2}}} \right) \cdot \left( {\tfrac{{3\left( {n - 1} \right)}}
{{3\left( {n - 1} \right) + 2}}} \right) \cdot I_{n - 2}
$

And so on: $
I_n = \prod\limits_{k = 1}^n {\left( {\tfrac{{3k}}
{{3k + 2}}} \right)} \cdot I_0
$

4. Boy is my face red! I was seriously overcomplicating both questions!!

5. How do you show that Io is -(pi/2)+2arctan e? I'm trying to do it and my method of substitution isn't working.

6. Originally Posted by Showcase_22
How do you show that Io is -(pi/2)+2arctan e? I'm trying to do it and my method of substitution isn't working.
$I_0=\int_0^1 \frac{1}{\cosh(x)} ~dx$

$\cosh(x)=\frac{e^x+e^{-x}}{2}$

$\implies I_0=\int_0^1 \frac{2}{e^x+e^{-x}} ~dx=2 \int_0^1 \frac{e^x}{e^{2x}+1} ~dx$

Substitute $t=e^x$

7. ohhhh, I was trying to keep it in terms of cosh which led to an amazing number of substitutions until I ended up back where I started!