Math Help - Got this one in my test today...

1. Got this one in my test today...

Hello everyone

I got this one in my test today and would like to know what the answer should have been, please. (EDIT: I used partial integration on it)

$\int \frac{1 - t}{\sqrt{9 - t^2}}$

2. make the substitution $u^2=9-t^2$

You then end up with this, $-\int \frac{1-\sqrt{9-u^2}}{\sqrt{9-u^2}}=u-\arcsin \left(\frac{u}{3}\right)+C$

Thus $\int \frac{1-t}{\sqrt{9 - t^2}}=\sqrt{9-t^2}-\arcsin\left(\frac{\sqrt{9-t^2}}{3}\right)+C$

3. Hello janvdl,

Substitute $t = 3\sin x$

We get $\displaystyle \int (1 - 3\sin x) \, dx = x + 3\cos x + C = \sin^{-1} \frac{t}{3} + 3\sqrt{1 - t^2}+C$

4. Originally Posted by polymerase
make the substitution $u^2=9-t^2$

You then end up with this, $-\int \frac{1-\sqrt{9-u^2}}{\sqrt{9-u^2}}=u-\arcsin \left(\frac{u}{3}\right)+C$

Thus $\int \frac{1-t}{\sqrt{9 - t^2}}=\sqrt{9-t^2}-\arcsin\left(\frac{\sqrt{9-t^2}}{3}\right)+C$
Hehe okay, i got it wrong then... Thanks!

5. Originally Posted by Isomorphism
Hello janvdl,

Substitute $t = 3\sin x$

We get $\displaystyle \int (1 - 3\sin x) \, dx = x + 3\cos x + C = \sin^{-1} \frac{t}{3} + 3\sqrt{1 - t^2}+C$

Thanks for your reply, but I don't understand why you substituted using Sin(x). Maybe that is a more advanced method?

6. Originally Posted by janvdl
Thanks for your reply, but I don't understand why you substituted using Sin(x). Maybe that is a more advanced method?
That's trig. substitution. By letting $t=3\sin x$, you end up with $\sqrt{9-9\sin^2 x}=3\sqrt{1-\sin^2 x}=3\sqrt{\cos^2 x}=3\cos x$ Get it?

7. Originally Posted by polymerase
That's trig. substitution. By letting $t=3\sin x$, you end up with $\sqrt{9-9\sin^2 x}=3\sqrt{1-\sin^2 x}=3\sqrt{\cos^2 x}=3\cos x$ Get it?
Got it Thanks.

8. Originally Posted by janvdl
Thanks for your reply, but I don't understand why you substituted using Sin(x). Maybe that is a more advanced method?
Not really,if you did learn substitution, I think you should be familiar with this.

Whenever you see $\sqrt{a^2 - x^2}$ there is an itching to get rid of the square root. And the standard substitution is $x = a\sin u$. $\sqrt{a^2 - x^2}$ neatly simplifies to $a\cos u$. Moreover $dx = a\cos u \, du$. Everything neatly becomes trigonometric

9. Right, I think I got it now Thanks again guys!