Fourier- and Laplace Transform
I have a memory-friction kernel (yes its physics, but still a math question) defined as:
 = \Theta (t)\cos(\omega_{\sigma}t))
The Fourier Transform is given as (without explanation, except the term retarded, which causes the
):
 = \lim\limits_{\epsilon\to 0^+}\frac{-i \omega}{\omega_{\sigma}^2 - \omega^2 - i\epsilon\, sgn(\omega)})
, where
is of course the sign function...
One given explanation is given by "The damping functions
and
are related by analytic continuation,
"
Since the Laplace Transform is given by
 = \frac{z}{\omega_{\sigma}^2 + z^2})
I do not understand how the Fourier Transform
has been achieved in a STRICT MATHEMATICAL WAY WITHOUT HANDWAVING ARGUMENTS.