field, characteristic, surjective

**sophia782** · March 14th 2009, 06:29 PM

Suppose $F$ is a finite field of characteristic 3 and $\phi : F \rightarrow F$ is the map defined by $\phi(a)=a^3$ . Prove that $\phi$ is surjective.

How do I do this? I know how to prove that it is an injective ring homomorphism. But I don't know how to prove it is surjective. Thanks.

**ThePerfectHacker** · March 14th 2009, 07:56 PM

Originally Posted by sophia782

Suppose $F$ is a finite field of characteristic 3 and $\phi : F \rightarrow F$ is the map defined by $\phi(a)=a^3$ . Prove that $\phi$ is surjective.

How do I do this? I know how to prove that it is an injective ring homomorphism. But I don't know how to prove it is surjective. Thanks.

Since $|F|$ is finite and $\phi: F\to F$ is injective it immeadiately means $\phi$ has to be surjective by the pigeonhole principle.

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