i will assume you mean a REAL inner product space (it is not true for a COMPLEX inner product space, there's a different formula).
the norm induced by an inner product <_,_> is given by:
||w|| = √(<w,w>)
if a basis {v1,v2} is orthonormal with respect to a given inner product, then:
<v1,v1> = <v2,v2> = 1
<v1,v2> = <v2,v1> = 0.
hence, if w = av1+bv2:
||w|| = √(<w,w>) = √(< av1+bv2, av1+bv2>)
= √[<av1,av1+bv1> + <bv2,av1+bv2>]
= √[<av1,av1> + <av1,bv2> + <bv2,av1> + <bv2,bv2>]
= √[a<v1,av1> + a<v1,bv2> + b<v2,av1> + b<v2,bv2>]
= √[a2<v1,v1> + ab<v1,v2> + ab<v2,v1> + b2<v2,v2>]
= √[a2(1) + ab(0) + ab(0) + b2(1)]
= √(a2 + b2).